Mutemo-Kutyora, Ine Ruvara Silicone Inokwanisa Kuita Magetsi

Ichangobva kuwanikwa yesilicone variant is a semiconductor, vatsvakurudzi vepaUniversity yeMichigan vakawana-fungidziro dziripo dzekuti class class inodzivirira chete.

"Nyaya yacho inovhura mukana wemhando nyowani dzeflat panel displays, flexible photovoltaics, wearable sensors or even clothes zvinogona kuratidza mapatani akasiyana kana mifananidzo," akadaro Richard Laine, U-M purofesa wezvinhu sainzi neuinjiniya uye macromolecular sainzi nehuinjiniya uye munyori anowirirana wechidzidzo chakabudiswa munguva pfupi yapfuura muMacromolecular Rapid Communications.

Silicone oils nerubber{{0}polysiloxanes and silsesquioxanes{1}}zvinhu zvinodzivirirwa zvechinyakare, zvichireva kuti zvinodzivirira kufamba kwemagetsi kana kupisa. Dzinodzivirira mvura-yadzo dzinoita kuti dzishande mumidziyo yebiomedical, sealants, marachi emagetsi nezvimwe.

Zvichakadaro, akajairwa semiconductors anowanzo kuomarara. Semiconducting silicone ine mukana wekugonesa flexible electronics Laine inotsanangurwa pamwe nesilicone inouya mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana.

Pa molecular level, masilicones akaumbwa nemusana wesilicon uye maatomu eokisijeni (Si-O-Si) ane organic (carbon-based) mapoka akabatanidzwa nesilicon. Maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana e3D emacheni epolymer anosimuka paanobatana, anozivikanwa secross-linking, ayo anoshandura hunhu hwenyama senge simba kana kunyungudika.

Tichidzidza zvakasiyana-zvekubatanidza zviumbwa musilicone, chikwata chetsvakiridzo chakasvika pakukwanisa kufambiswa kwemagetsi mucopolymer, inova polymer cheni ine marudzi maviri akasiyana eanodzokorora mayunitsi-keji{2}}yakagadzirwa uyezve linear silikoni mune ino nyaya.

Mukana wokuti ma electrons anogona kufamba achiyambuka Si-O-Si mabhondi ane orbitals anopindirana. Semiconductors ine mbiri huru nyika: nyika yepasi, iyo isingafambisi magetsi, uye inoitisa nyika, inoita. The conducting state, iyo inozivikanwawo senyika inofadza, inoitika apo mamwe maerekitironi anosvetuka kusvika kune inotevera erekitironi orbital, iyo yakabatana nepakati pezvinhu sesimbi.

Kazhinji, Si-O-Si bond angles haatenderi kubatana ikoko. Pa 110 dhigirii, ivo vari kure kure kubva 180 dhigirii mutsara wakatwasuka. Asi musilicone copolymer yakawanikwa nechikwata, mabhondi aya akatanga ari pa140℃muground state-uye anotambanuka kusvika pa150℃ari mukufara. Izvi zvaive zvakakwana kugadzira mugwagwa mukuru wekuchaji kwemagetsi kuyerera.

"Izvi zvinobvumira kudyidzana kusingatarisirwi pakati pemaerekitironi pamabhondi akawanda anosanganisira Si-O-Si bond mumakopolymer aya," Laine akadaro. "Kana kureba kwecheni, zvinoita nyore kuti maerekitironi afambe nzendo refu, zvichideredza simba rinodiwa kutora chiedza uye ozoribudisa pamasimba mashoma."

Iyo semiconducting zvimiro zvesilicone copolymers zvakare inogonesa yayo spectrum yemavara. Maerekitironi anosvetuka pakati pepasi nenyika dzine mufaro nokutora nokubudisa mafotoni, kana kuti zvidimbu zvechiedza. Kubuda kwechiedza kunoenderana nehurefu hwecheni yecopolymer, iyo timu yaLaine inogona kudzora. Hurefu hwecheni hunoreva kusvetuka kudiki uye kuderera kwesimba mafotoni, zvichipa iyo silicone tsvuku tsvuku. Cheni mapfupi anoda kusvetuka kukuru kubva kumaerekitironi, saka anoburitsa chiedza chesimba chepamusoro chakananga kumagumo ebhuruu.

Kuratidza hukama pakati pehurefu hwecheni uye kunyura kwechiedza uye kubuda, vaongorori vakapatsanura macopolymers ane hurefu hwakasiyana cheni uye akaaronga mumachubhu ebvunzo kubva kureba kusvika kupfupi. Kupenya mwenje weUV pamachubhu kunogadzira murarabungu uzere sezvo imwe neimwe inotora uye inoburitsa mwenje pamasimba akasiyana.

Iwo mavara ane mavara akavakirwa pakureba kwecopolymer cheni akanyanya kusarudzika nekuti kusvika panguva ino, masilicone aingozivikanwa kuve akajeka kana chena nekuti iwo ekudzivirira ekudzivirira anoita kuti atadze kutora mwenje wakawanda.

"Tiri kutora zvinhu izvo munhu wese aifunga kuti zvine simba remagetsi tozvipa hupenyu hutsva-hunogona kusimbisa chizvarwa chinotevera chemagetsi akapfava," akadaro Zijing (Jackie) Zhang, U-M mudzidzi wechiremba wezvekushandisa sainzi neuinjiniya uye munyori anotungamira wechidzidzo ichi.